Posts tagged LLM
Reproducing the AMD InstinctTM GPUs MLPerf Inference v5.0 Submission
- 02 April 2025
Building upon the success of our MLPerf Inference v4.1 submission, AMD has submitted results for two popular models – Llama 2 70B and Stable Diffusion XL (SDXL) – in the MLPerf Inference v5.0 round. This blog post provides a comprehensive, step-by-step guide on reproducing the results of AMD’s MLPerf submission using ROCm and the AMD Instinct™ MI325X GPUs. Please follow along to independently verify these results and gain hands-on experience with the benchmarking process. If you are interested in learning more about the advanced optimization strategies behind our Llama 2 70B and SDXL inference, from quantization and General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) tuning to cutting-edge vLLM scheduling and platform enhancements, check out our blog on MLPerf Inference v5.0 optimization strategies.
AMD InstinctTM MI325X GPUs Produce Strong Performance in MLPerf Inference v5.0
- 02 April 2025
AI transformation and its ever-increasing demands of GenAI, LLMs, reasoning models and new advances in inference and training emphasize the need for innovative GPU architectures and products designed and delivered at an accelerated pace. Understanding the performance of AI models on these GPUs is critical for continuous advances in AI deployments and adoption. However, benchmarking AI models is challenging due to their inherent complexity and variety of possible deployments and tasks. Approaching this problem from a cross-industry perspective is preferable to have a benchmark that is comparable across different platforms and vendors. MLPerf is such a benchmark created by a cross-industry MLCommons consortium of which AMD is a founding member.
Accelerating LLM Inference: Up to 3x Speedup on MI300X with Speculative Decoding
- 27 March 2025
In this blog you will learn how speculative decoding boosts LLM inference, providing out-of-the-box speedups in LLM token generation on the AMD Instinct™ MI300X GPU. We start the blog by providing you with a brief overview of Speculative Decoding. We then demonstrate, through extensive benchmarking on a number of LLMs and datasets, as well as on different frameworks viz. vLLM and native PyTorch (gpt-fast), speedups in the range of 1.3x - 3x in the LLM generation throughput (tokens/second) through speculative decoding as compared to running a vanilla LLM for batch size 1. We show you how these speedups vary for batch sizes greater than 1 in vLLM. Finally, we will share a detailed profiling-based case study to identify some high-level differences between these two frameworks, i.e. the type of kernels that are launched and their overall latencies, which are critical differentiators between the performance of these frameworks. Let’s get started!
Speculative Decoding - Deep Dive
- 24 March 2025
Nowadays, LLM serving has become an increasingly popular service in the technology industry, with thousands of requests being sent to LLM servers, and responses generated and sent back to clients all over the world. The performance of online serving, as one of the key metrics to evaluate its user experience and service quality, has grabbed attention from both of the industry and academia.
Efficient MoE training on AMD ROCm: How-to use Megablocks on AMD GPUs
- 23 March 2025
Training massive deep-learning models requires a balance of efficiency and scalability. In the context of the Transformers architecture, Mixture of Experts (MoE) models are massive machine learning architectures characterized for dividing tasks among multiple specialized sub-networks or “experts”. A gating network determines the expert to which a given input should be routed, enabling the model to handle complex tasks more efficiently by using the specialized capabilities of each expert. This dynamic routing mechanism allows MoE models to scale efficiently, activating only a subset of the network for each input, therefore reducing computational load while maintaining high model capacity.
Deploying Google’s Gemma 3 Model with vLLM on AMD Instinct™ MI300X GPUs: A Step-by-Step Guide
- 14 March 2025
AMD is excited to announce the integration of Google’s Gemma 3 models with AMD Instinct MI300X GPUs, optimized for high-performance inference using the vLLM framework. This collaboration empowers developers to harness advanced AMD AI hardware for scalable, efficient deployment of state-of-the-art language models. In this blog we will walk you through a step-by-step guide on deploying Google’s Gemma 3 model using vLLM on AMD Instinct GPUs, covering Docker setup, dependencies, authentication, and inference testing. Remember, the Gemma 3 model is gated—ensure you request access before beginning deployment.
Analyzing the Impact of Tensor Parallelism Configurations on LLM Inference Performance
- 14 March 2025
As AI models continue to scale in size and complexity, deploying them efficiently requires strategic resource allocation. Tensor parallelism (TP) is a valuable technique for distributing workloads across multiple GPUs, reducing memory constraints, and enabling inference for large-scale models. However, the choice of TP configuration isn’t one-size-fits-all—it directly impacts performance, networking overhead, and cost efficiency.
Optimized ROCm Docker for Distributed AI Training
- 13 March 2025
This blog will introduce you to the updated AMD Docker image, specifically built and optimized for distributed training. As you will see, the optimized AMD ROCm Docker image makes training large AI models faster and more efficient. It includes updates such as better fine-tuning tools, improved performance for multi-GPU setups, and support for FP8 precision, which helps speed up training while using less memory, and can provide you with an overall smoother and more efficient training experience on popular models such as Flux and Llama 3.1 running on AMD GPUs.
AI Inference Orchestration with Kubernetes on Instinct MI300X, Part 3
- 13 March 2025
Welcome back to the final part of our series! So far, we’ve successfully setup up a Kubernetes cluster and installed the AMD GPU Operator to seamlessly integrate AMD hardware with Kubernetes in Part 1. We’ve deployed vLLM on AMD Instinct MI300X GPUs, exposed it using MetalLB, and scaled it efficiently in Part 2.
Instella-VL-1B: First AMD Vision Language Model
- 07 March 2025
As part of AMD’s newly released Instella family we are thrilled to introduce Instella-VL-1B, the first AMD vision language model for image understanding trained on AMD Instinct™ MI300X GPUs. Our journey with Instella-VL builds upon our previous 1-billion-parameter language models, AMD OLMo SFT. We further extend the language model’s visual understanding abilities by connecting it with a vision encoder (which is initialized from CLIP ViT-L/14-336). During training, we jointly finetune vision encoder and language model with vision-language data in three stages: Alignment, Pretraining and Supervised-Finetuning (SFT).
Deploying Serverless AI Inference on AMD GPU Clusters
- 25 February 2025
Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in enterprise environments presents a multitude of challenges that organizations must navigate to harness their full potential. As enterprises expand their AI and HPC workloads, scaling the underlying compute and GPU infrastructure presents numerous challenges, including deployment complexities, resource optimization, and effective management of the compute resource fleet. In this blog, we will walk you through how to spin-up production-grade Serverless AI inference service on Kubernetes clusters by leveraging open source Knative/KServe technologies.
Unlock DeepSeek-R1 Inference Performance on AMD Instinct™ MI300X GPU
- 21 February 2025
In this blog, we explore how DeepSeek-R1 achieves competitive performance on AMD Instinct™ MI300X GPUs, along with performance comparisons to H200 and a short demo application showcasing real-world usage. By leveraging MI300X, users can deploy DeepSeek-R1 and V3 models on a single node with impressive efficiency. In just two weeks, optimizations using SGLang have unlocked up to a 4X boost in inference speed, ensuring efficient scaling, lower latency, and optimized throughput. The MI300X’s high-bandwidth memory (HBM) and compute power enable execution of complex AI workloads, handling longer sequences and demanding reasoning tasks. With AMD and the SGLang community driving ongoing optimizations—including fused MoE kernels, MLA kernel fusion, and speculative decoding—MI300X is set to deliver an even more powerful AI inference experience.
How to Build a vLLM Container for Inference and Benchmarking
- 21 February 2025
Welcome back! If you’ve been following along with this series, you’ve already learned about the basics of ROCm containers. Today, we’ll build on that foundation by creating a container for large language model inference with vLLM.
Fine-tuning Phi-3.5-mini LLM at scale: Harnessing Accelerate and Slurm for multinode training
- 19 February 2025
In this blog you will learn the process of fine-tuning the Phi-3.5-mini-instruct Large Language Model (LLM) from Microsoft, using PyTorch in a multinode environment. The setup leverages the Hugging Face Accelerate library to handle the complexities of multi-GPU and multinode synchronization. Slurm is used to schedule and coordinate the job as a workload manager for high-performance computing environments. A custom Slurm Bash script launches the Docker containers on each node, ensuring the training environment is consistent across all machines. Inside the containers, PyTorch and the Accelerate library split the training data, synchronize the model updates, and optimize performance across the multinode setup. This approach lets you efficiently fine-tune large-scale models and reduce training time while maximizing hardware utilization across the entire cluster.
AI Inference Orchestration with Kubernetes on Instinct MI300X, Part 2
- 14 February 2025
Welcome to Part 2 of our series on utilizing Kubernetes with the AMD Instinct platform! If you’re just joining us, we recommend checking out Part 1 where we covered setting up your Kubernetes cluster and enabling AMD GPU support.
AI Inference Orchestration with Kubernetes on Instinct MI300X, Part 1
- 07 February 2025
As organizations scale their AI inference workloads, they face the challenge of efficiently deploying and managing large language models across GPU infrastructure. This three-part blog series provides a production-ready foundation for orchestrating AI inference workloads on the AMD Instinct platform with Kubernetes.
Best practices for competitive inference optimization on AMD Instinct™ MI300X GPUs
- 29 January 2025
Optimizing LLM performance on GPUs is challenging due to diverse model needs, memory constraints, and balancing latency and throughput. This document examines how hardware utilization, memory and communication bandwidth and scaling, contribute to inference performance, detailing optimal configurations for AMD Instinct™ MI300X GPUs.
Distributed fine-tuning of MPT-30B using Composer on AMD GPUs
- 28 January 2025
Composer, developed by MosaicML, is an open-source deep learning training library built on top of PyTorch, designed to simplify and optimize distributed training workflows. It supports scalable training on multiple nodes and efficiently handles datasets of various sizes. Composer integrates advanced techniques such as PyTorch Fully Sharded Data Parallelism (FSDP), elastic sharded checkpointing, training callbacks, and speed-up algorithms to enhance training performance and flexibility. It closely resembles PyTorch’s torchrun and has demonstrated exceptional efficiency when scaling to hundreds of GPUs.
Triton Inference Server with vLLM on AMD GPUs
- 08 January 2025
Triton Inference Server is an open-source platform designed to streamline AI inferencing. It supports the deployment, scaling, and inference of trained AI models from various machine learning and deep learning frameworks including Tensorflow, PyTorch, and vLLM, making it adaptable for diverse AI workloads. It is designed to work across multiple environments, including cloud, data centers and edge devices.
Training Transformers and Hybrid models on AMD Instinct MI300X Accelerators
- 10 December 2024
This blog is contributed by Zyphra: a Palo Alto-based AI research lab and AMD Instinct Partner.
SGLang: Fast Serving Framework for Large Language and Vision-Language Models on AMD Instinct GPUs
- 13 November 2024
In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, the ability to deploy large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) efficiently is crucial for real-time applications. SGLang is an open-source framework designed to meet these demands by delivering fast backend runtime, a flexible frontend language, and extensive model support for a variety of LLMs and VLMs.
Quantized 8-bit LLM training and inference using bitsandbytes on AMD GPUs
- 13 November 2024
In this blog post we will cover the bitsandbytes 8-bit representations. As you will see, the bitsandbytes 8-bit representations significantly help reduce the memory needed for fine-tuning and inferencing LLMs. There are many quantization techniques used in the field to decrease a model size, but bitsandbytes offers quantization to decrease the size of optimizer states as well. This post will help you understand the basic principles underlying the bitsandbytes 8-bit representations, explain the bitsandbytes 8-bit optimizer and LLM.int8 techniques, and show you how to implement these on AMD GPUs using ROCm.
Distributed Data Parallel Training on AMD GPU with ROCm
- 01 November 2024
With the increase in complexity and size of machine learning models, the demand for computational resources grows. Training on a single GPU can become a bottleneck for deep learning applications, especially with large datasets and models that are slow to train on a single GPU. Parallelized training addresses this challenge. Out of the various forms of parallelized training, this blog focuses on Distributed Data Parallel (DDP), a key feature in PyTorch that accelerates training across multiple GPUs and nodes.
Torchtune on AMD GPUs How-To Guide: Fine-tuning and Scaling LLMs with Multi-GPU Power
- 24 October 2024
This blog provides a thorough how-to guide on using Torchtune to fine-tune and scale large language models (LLMs) with AMD GPUs. Torchtune is a PyTorch library designed to let you easily fine-tune and experiment with LLMs. Using Torchtune’s flexibility and scalability, we show you how to fine-tune the Llama-3.1-8B model for summarization tasks using the EdinburghNLP/xsum dataset. Using LoRA(Low-Rank Adaptation), a parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique, Torchtune enables efficient training while maintaining performance across a different number of GPUs (2, 4, 6, and 8). This post also highlights how Torchtune’s distributed training capabilities allow users to scale up LLM fine-tuning on multiple GPUs to reduce training time while maintaining the quality of the trained model, demonstrating its potential and usage on modern AMD hardware using ROCm.
CTranslate2: Efficient Inference with Transformer Models on AMD GPUs
- 24 October 2024
Transformer models have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) by delivering high-performance results in tasks like machine translation, text summarization, text generation, and speech recognition. However, deploying these models in production can be challenging due to their high computational and memory requirements. CTranslate2 addresses these challenges by providing a custom runtime that implements various optimization techniques to accelerate Transformer models during inference.
Inference with Llama 3.2 Vision LLMs on AMD GPUs Using ROCm
- 23 October 2024
Meta’s Llama models now support multimodal capabilities, expanding their functionality beyond traditional text-only applications. The Llama 3.2 models are available in a range of sizes, including medium-sized 11B and 90B multimodal models for vision-text reasoning tasks, and lightweight 1B and 3B text-only models designed for edge and mobile devices.
Enhancing vLLM Inference on AMD GPUs
- 11 October 2024
In this blog, we’ll demonstrate the latest performance enhancements in vLLM inference on AMD Instinct accelerators using ROCm. In a nutshell, vLLM optimizes GPU memory utilization, allowing more efficient handling of large language models (LLMs) within existing hardware constraints, maximizing throughput and minimizing latency. We start the blog by briefly explaining how causal language models like Llama 3 and ChatGPT generate text, motivating the need to enhance throughput and reduce latency. If you’re new to vLLM, we also recommend reading our introduction to Inferencing and serving with vLLM on AMD GPUs. ROCm 6.2 introduces support for the following vLLM features which we will use in this blog post.
Supercharging JAX with Triton Kernels on AMD GPUs
- 09 October 2024
Ready to supercharge your deep learning applications on AMD GPUs? In this blog, we’ll show you how to develop a custom fused dropout activation kernel for matrices in Triton, seamlessly call it from JAX, and benchmark its performance with ROCm. This powerful combination will take your model’s performance to the next level.
Leaner LLM Inference with INT8 Quantization on AMD GPUs using PyTorch
- 03 October 2024
With the scale of large language models (LLMs) reaching hundred of billions of parameters, the ways we represent data within these enormous models dramatically impacts the resources required to train them (e.g. the number of GPUs needed for inference). In our previous blogs (JAX mixed precision training; PyTorch AMP), we already demonstrated how mixed precision training can accelerate LLMs training process. In this blog post we will push things further and show you how quantization into an even lower precision data formats can speed up inference, saving time and memory, without sacrificing the overall performance of the model. Quantization is a technique where the precision of a model’s parameters is reduced from a 32-bit floating point (FP32) or a 16-bit floating point (FP16) to an 8-bit integer (INT8). Standard models typically use 32-bit floating-point (FP32) precision. However, this higher precision is not always necessary for inference tasks. By converting model weights and activations to lower precision formats like INT8 (8-bit integer), we can achieve faster computations and lower memory usage, effectively reducing the model size by three-fourths (from 32-bit) or half (from 16-bit) with only a slight accuracy reduction, which is often outweighed by the speed gains.
Fine-tuning Llama 3 with Axolotl using ROCm on AMD GPUs
- 23 September 2024
Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing, enabling machines to understand and generate human-like language. However, these models are often trained on vast amounts of general-purpose data, which can make them less effective for specific tasks or domains. Fine-tuning involves training a pre-trained LLM on a specialized dataset to enhance its performance on specific tasks. As Andrej Karpathy analogized, this process is akin to allowing someone to practice a particular skill. Just as a person might need to practice a skill in a specific context to become proficient, an LLM needs to be fine-tuned on a specific dataset to become proficient in a particular task. For instance, an LLM can be fine-tuned for tasks such as financial forecasting, technical support, legal advising, medical diagnosis, or even instruction following. By fine-tuning an LLM, organizations can achieve better results and improve information security by limiting the exposure of sensitive data.
Inferencing and serving with vLLM on AMD GPUs
- 19 September 2024
In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for understanding and generating human-like text. However, deploying these models efficiently at scale presents significant challenges. This is where vLLM comes into play. vLLM is an innovative open-source library designed to optimize the serving of LLMs using advanced techniques. Central to vLLM is PagedAttention, a novel algorithm that enhances the efficiency of the model’s attention mechanism by managing it as virtual memory. This approach optimizes GPU memory utilization, facilitating the processing of longer sequences and enabling more efficient handling of large models within existing hardware constraints. Additionally, vLLM incorporates continuous batching to maximize throughput and minimize latency. By leveraging these cutting-edge techniques, vLLM significantly improves the performance and scalability of LLM deployment, allowing organizations to harness the power of state-of-the-art AI models more effectively and economically.
Optimize GPT Training: Enabling Mixed Precision Training in JAX using ROCm on AMD GPUs
- 06 September 2024
This blog builds on the nanoGPT model we discussed in A Guide to Implementing and Training Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT) in JAX on AMD GPUs. Here we will show you how to incorporate mixed precision training to the JAX-implemented nanoGPT model we discussed in our previous blog.
Benchmarking Machine Learning using ROCm and AMD GPUs: Reproducing Our MLPerf Inference Submission
- 28 August 2024
Measuring the performance of new technologies is as old as human history, and often as intriguing (consider for example that we still compare the performance of new electric vehicle motors using horsepower). In the rapidly advancing field of machine learning (ML) MLPerf was established by MLCommons on May 2nd 2018 and quickly became the golden standard of measuring the accuracy, speed, and efficiency of AI. MLPerf provides benchmarks on training, HPC and Inference performance. Companies across the industry use MLPerf submissions to evaluate the performance of various GPUs and software platforms, and make their technology adoption decisions based on these results.
Performing natural language processing tasks with LLMs on ROCm running on AMD GPUs
- 21 August 2024
In this blog you will learn how to use ROCm, running on AMD’s Instinct GPUs, for a range of popular and useful natural language processing (NLP) tasks, using different large language models (LLMs). The blog includes a simple to follow hands-on guide that shows you how to implement LLMs for core NLP applications ranging from text generation and sentiment analysis to extractive question answering (QA), and solving a math problem.
Using AMD GPUs for Enhanced Time Series Forecasting with Transformers
- 19 August 2024
Time series forecasting (TSF) is a key concept in fields such as signal processing, data science, and machine learning (ML). TSF involves predicting future behavior of a system by analyzing its past temporal patterns, using historical data to forecast future data points. Classical approaches to TSF relied on a variety of statistical methods. Recently, machine learning techniques have been increasingly used for TSF, generating discussions within the community about whether these modern approaches outperform the classical statistical ones (see: Are Transformers Effective for Time Series Forecasting? and Yes, Transformers are Effective for Time Series Forecasting (+ Autoformer)).
Inferencing with Grok-1 on AMD GPUs
- 09 August 2024
We demonstrate that the massive Grok-1 model from xAI can run seamlessly on the AMD MI300X GPU accelerator by leveraging the ROCm software platform.
Optimizing RoBERTa: Fine-Tuning with Mixed Precision on AMD
- 29 July 2024
In this blog we explore how to fine-tune the Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach (RoBERTa) large language model, with emphasis on PyTorch’s mixed precision capabilities. Specifically, we explore using AMD GPUs for mixed precision fine-tuning to achieve faster model training without any major impacts on accuracy.
Accelerate PyTorch Models using torch.compile on AMD GPUs with ROCm
- 11 July 2024
PyTorch 2.0 introduces torch.compile(), a tool to vastly accelerate PyTorch code and models. By converting PyTorch code into highly optimized kernels, torch.compile delivers substantial performance improvements with minimal changes to the existing codebase. This feature allows for precise optimization of individual functions, entire modules, and complex training loops, providing a versatile and powerful tool for enhancing computational efficiency.
Accelerating models on ROCm using PyTorch TunableOp
- 03 July 2024
In this blog, we will show how to leverage PyTorch TunableOp to accelerate models using ROCm on AMD GPUs. We will discuss the basics of General Matrix Multiplications (GEMMs), show an example of tuning a single GEMM, and finally, demonstrate real-world performance gains on an LLM (gemma) using TunableOp.
A Guide to Implementing and Training Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT) in JAX on AMD GPUs
- 02 July 2024
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Fine-tuning and Testing Cutting-Edge Speech Models using ROCm on AMD GPUs
- 27 June 2024
AI Voice agents, or voice bots, are designed to communicate with people using a spoken language. Voice bots are commonly deployed in customer service and personal assistant applications, and have the potential to enter and revolutionize almost every aspect of people’s interaction with technology that can benefit from the use of voice. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), the technology that processes human speech into text, is essential for the creation of AI Voice agents. In this blog post we will provide you with a hands-on introduction to the deployment of three machine learning ASR models, using ROCm on AMD GPUs.
SmoothQuant model inference on AMD Instinct MI300X using Composable Kernel
- 31 May 2024
The AMD ROCm™ Composable Kernel (CK) library provides a programming model for writing performance-critical kernels for machine learning workloads. It generates a general-purpose kernel during the compilation phase through a C++ template, enabling developers to achieve operation fusions on different data precisions.
Step-by-Step Guide to Use OpenLLM on AMD GPUs
- 01 May 2024
OpenLLM is an open-source platform designed to facilitate the deployment and utilization of large language models (LLMs), supporting a wide range of models for diverse applications, whether in cloud environments or on-premises. In this tutorial, we will guide you through the process of starting an LLM server using OpenLLM, enabling interaction with the server from your local machine, with special emphasis on leveraging the capabilities of AMD GPUs.
Unlocking Vision-Text Dual-Encoding: Multi-GPU Training of a CLIP-Like Model
- 24 April 2024
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Enhancing LLM Accessibility: A Deep Dive into QLoRA Through Fine-tuning Llama Model on a single AMD GPU
- 15 April 2024
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Enhancing LLM Accessibility: A Deep Dive into QLoRA Through Fine-tuning Llama 2 on a single AMD GPU
- 15 April 2024
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Fine-tune Llama model with LoRA: Customizing a large language model for question-answering
- 01 February 2024
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Fine-tune Llama 2 with LoRA: Customizing a large language model for question-answering
- 01 February 2024
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Pre-training a large language model with Megatron-DeepSpeed on multiple AMD GPUs
- 24 January 2024
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Efficient deployment of large language models with Text Generation Inference on AMD GPUs
- 24 January 2024
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